An exclusive spread sheet bulletin of the so called the Maoist group manifestos for references, analize, general study and better understanding of who`s who as well as related issue on current happenings in mother Nepal. Pros and cons its up to Sajha`s Buddhijibi Parishad....

 

 

THE ROYAL REGRESSION AND THE QUESTION OF DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

Baburam Bhattarai

 

CPN(Maoist)

          In his famous work The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, Karl Marx had said: "Hegel observes somewhere  that all great incidents and individuals of world history occur, as it were, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second as farce." It was while drawing a parallel between the coup of 1851 by Napoleon's nephew Louis Bonaparte, who had then crowned himself as Napoleon III, and the original Napoleonic coup of 1799.  Of course, this was in a satirical sense.

            Similar law of Hegelian dialectics seems to be in operation in the history of Nepal, too. While the father, King Mahendra, had staged a military coup on December 16, 1960 against the first parliamentary democracy established after 1950 to centralise all power in himself, now the son, King Gyanendra, has staged another military coup on February 1, 2005 against the second parliamentary democracy restored after 1990 and centralised all state power in himself. However, for the politically enlightened ones, it is not difficult to see beneath the surface that this episode of February 1 is merely a continuation or culmination of the episode of June 1, 2001, when the relatively more weak or liberal King Birendra, along with his entire family, was butchered and a new dynasty ushered in by Gyanendra. This way, the "First February" of the Nepalese history seems to be a carbon copy of the "Eighteenth Brumaire" of the French history; but it is yet to be seen whether it will be more 'tragic' or more 'farcical'. 

The Essence of the Royal Regression

            In his every public utterances after the coup, including the 'royal proclamation' of February 1, Gyanendra has laboured hard to sell the theory that his present move is designed to restore 'peace' and consolidate 'multi-party democracy' by exorcising the ghost of 'terrorism' [i.e. the ongoing revolutionary People's War led by the CPN(Maoist), and this is meant only for a definite time-frame of coming three years. While talking to a group of selected media persons on February 24, he has particularly taken pains to project himself as the real Messiah of 'democracy' and the exorcist of 'terrorism' and has demanded of the parliamentary political parties and the entire members of the international community to cooperate with him in this grand venture against 'terrorism'. Thus, he has sought to project himself as the true follower of the US President George W. Bush in the international crusade against 'terrorism' and begged everybody to grant legitimacy to his autocratic military regime at least on that count. Of course, he seems to have learnt a few lessons from General Musarraf of Pakistan.

            However, Gyanendra's such political gimmicks are not cutting much ice among the masses, as he has a tainted image as the hardliner autocrat even within the palace since his father's and bother's days and is particularly hated among the public as the real fratricidal and regicidal culprit in the palace massacre of June 1, 2001. Particularly after his induction of the old palace stooges of known anti-democratic persuasions like Tulsi Giri and Kirti Nidhi Bista as his principal political associates and his abduction of all fundamental and democratic rights of the people with the contrywide declaration of emergency, the essential nature of his despotic military rule has been thoroughly unmasked. Despite his incessant parroting about his commitments towards 'multi-party democracy' and 'constitutional monarchy' , all his real practices so far including the crackdown on political parties and their leaders, free media and human rights activists and blatant trampling upon the limited democratic provisions  of the old constitution, leave one in no doubt that the supine parliamentary democratic system has been snuffed out and the autocratic monarchy restored in the country.

            Hence the questions arise: How could the limited bourgeois democratic system established after 1990 be abolished and the autocratic monarchy restored so smoothly? Should not the wheel of history move forward rather than backward? For the correct answers to these questions, one has to grasp the laws of social development in a scientific and objective manner and to correctly evaluate the weaknesses and limitations of the chronically infirm parliamentary system after 1990.

            Firstly, it should be acknowledged that struggle between social classes provides the basic motive forces of societal development. The present Nepalese society in a semi-feudal and semi-colonial stage is a multi-class society, and the principal struggle there is among the feudal, the bourgeois and the proletarian classes. All the three principle contending classes have their allies, too. The traditionally dominant feudal class has the comprador and bureaucratic bourgeoisie with it; the small and weak bourgeois class has a section of the rural and urban petty-bourgeois class with it; and the proletariat has the vast number of poor peasants and semi-proletariat with it. This basically triangular class contention is increasingly turning into a bi-polar contention after the initiation and development of revolutionary People's War under the leadership of the proletariat since 1996. In other words, according to the law of class struggle and social development , the parasitic reactionary classes are polarised on one side under the leadership of the most capable and strong class among themselves, and on the other side are rallied the working and the progressive classes under the leadership of the most advanced class, the proletariat. As the monarchy representing the feudal and comprador and bureaucratic bourgeois classes is historically the strongest representative of the reactionary classes in Nepal, the parasitic classes most adversely affected by the revolutionary People's War have been increasingly rallying under the leadership of the monarchy. This is the rationale and essence of the current royal regression or the restoration of autocratic monarchy in the social class terms. The regressive march of the reactionary classes in opposition to the progressive march of the working classes is perfectly in keeping with the dialectical law of social development.

            Secondly, viewing from a further political angle, it should be acknowledged that the inherent defects and weaknesses of the bourgeois parliamentary democracy established after 1990 and the general infirmity and incapacity of the middle strata and forces also provided an objective basis for the ultimate feudal autocratic regression. Historically, the major parliamentary political forces, viz. the Nepali Congress and later the revisionist UML, enjoy no independent class base of their own, and tend to represent a hodge-podge of class forces ranging from the feudals and comprador and bureaucratic bourgeoisie to the petty-bourgeoisie and constantly take vacillating and conciliatory political positions. Contrary to this, the monarchy traditionally draws its strength from the prevailing feudal property and cultural relations, and principally, from its monopoly hold over the Royal Nepal Army (RNA). To be more specific, the political change and the Constitution  of 1990 did not properly settle the question of 'state sovereignty' traditionally claimed by the monarchy and left the final 'state authority' and strategic control over the RNA in the hands of the monarchy. This 'historical blunder' (to paraphrase Jyoti Basu from India!) paved the way for the monarchy to gradually gobble up the parliament and the Constitution and consummate the current royal regression. Moreover, the parliamentary forces during their twelve years long rule in between did nothing to bring about a progressive transformation in the traditionally feudal and increasingly comprador and bureaucratic capitalist socio-economic and cultural base of the society. In the later period, particularly along with the rapid development of the revolutionary People's War, their class and political base got further eroded. As a result, the upper strata of the society which had backed the parliamentary forces after the political change of 1990 gradually returned back to the fold of the monarchy and the lower and a section of the middle strata naturally got polarized around the revolutionary People's War. This dilemma of the reformist parliamentary forces has been summed up in Chairman Com. Prachanda's recent People's War Anniversary statement thus: "Ultimately, the so-called royal proclamation of February 1 has not only exposed the irrelevance of reformism in the Nepalese politics, but also shattered the collective lethargy of the parliamentary political forces."

 

            Thirdly, from a military point of view, this action of total centralization of the old state authority in the absolute monarchy can been as an attempt of the moribund reactionary classes to wage a final battle with the revolutionary forces in the ever mounting class war in the country. In view of the recent declaration of the CPN (Maoist) to lead the nine-year old revolutionary People's War into the final and decisive stage of strategic offensive, it is  not unnatural, though foolish, for the frightened reactionary classes to attempt to wage a final battle of life and death under the direct leadership of the monarchy, which has assumed supreme commandership of the RNA since its inception. In the recent past the pathetic showing of the RNA in almost every real battle with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) has been blamed by certain quarters on the contradictions of de jure political leadership of the parliamentary forces and de facto leadership of the monarchy over the RNA, Also, it is not hard to understand the super military ambitions of Gyanendra, who has grabbed the throne by butchering the entire family of his brother, Birendra, to project himself as the great savior of his tottering feudal and comprador-bureaucratic bourgeois class. Nevertheless, as any common student of military science would know, the victory or defeat of a particular army ultimately depends more on its social class base and the political goal rather than on the leadership prowess of its commander, and in that sense the ultimate defeat of the reactionary RNA should be a foregone conclusion and Gyanendra's dream would be mere chimera.

 

Role of the International Forces

            In the present day world of imperialist globalization any internal political event has more international ramifications than ever before. Hence the February 1 royal regression has generated worldwide reactions, and all major world and regional powers and organizations, including the UN, the USA, the UK, the EU, India, China and others have issued public statements on the question. Surprisingly none of the major international players have supported Gyanendra's regressive steps so far. Not only that the major powers like the USA, the UK, the EU and India, which have been the principal props for the reactionary regimes in Nepal in the past, have publicly opposed the current developments, and others like China, Russia, Pakistan, Bangladesh etc. have commented upon the events as 'internal affairs of Nepal'. The most significant international development has been the suspension of military aid by India and the UK (the USA also appears to be toeing the same line) and suspension of 'development aid' by a number of EU countries. International human rights organisations such as the Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, etc., have publicly denounced the royal regime for its rampant violations of human and democratic rights of the people. Thus the autocratic royal regime has been totally isolated from the international community so far, which is a good omen for the democratic movement.

            However, the despotic regime is desperately seeking to exploit two issues to gain international support for itself. The first is the 'anti-terrorism' card, and the second, the 'geo-political' card. The hackneyed 'anti-terrorism' card, much exploited after September Eleven by all and sundry petty dictators and reactionary regimes of the world, has already lost much of its original steam and is yet to be seen how it will fare in Gyanendra's case. But one can be fairly certain that the enlightened world public opinion won't be easily hoodwinked by the 'anti-terrorism' claims of a person of Gyanendra's ilk, whose hands are blood-stained in the infamous palace massacre and who has now launched a countryside reign of military terror against the people by suspending all political and fundamental rights. Nevertheless, as all the values and norms in a class-divided society are governed by class interests, it won't be surprising if some of the reactionary rulers of the world would ultimately back the regressive royal regime, overtly or covertly.

            As far as the 'geo-political' card of the country's strategic positioning between the two super-states of China and India is concerned, Gyanendra's attempts to repeat the skillful diplomatic maneuvering of  playing one neighbour against the other as practiced by his father, Mahendra, in the specific cold-war context of the last century cannot be expected to bear much fruit in the changed situation of international balance of forces in general and the India-China relations in particular. The recent coming together of the USA and India and their coordinated policy against royal regression may tempt Gyanendra to play the China card. He has given enough hints of this by appointing the old royalist Kirti Nidhi Bista with a known pro-China tilt as one of his principle associates in the government. Similarly, Pakistan and Bangladesh, with traditional contradictions with India, may provide some breathing space for the royal regime; some indications of which have already come from the Pakistani ambassador in Kathmandu. However, given the extremely shaky position and uncertain future of Gyanendra himself, it is hard to believe that any of the neighbours will go beyond diplomatic niceties to extend him any substantial material help. Similarly, on the part of the proletarian revolutionaries they should be prudent enough to practice strategic firmness and tactical flexibility in the matters of diplomatic relations particularly with the immediate neighbours.

            Another noteworthy factor in recent days is the indication of some positive change in the attitude of major international and regional powers towards the revolutionary forces in Nepal. Due to their own distorted class outlook and interests, these major powers in the past used to regard the monarchy and the parliamentary forces as the so-called 'two pillars of stability', and they were seen working hard to bring about a grand alliance between the two against the revolutionary democratic forces. Now they seem to be increasingly veering round a 'three pillar' theory, including the revolutionary forces; which is, of course, a step forward. But the historical necessity and the new objective reality of the country is that the new 'two pillars' of parliamentary and revolutionary democratic forces join hands to uproot the outdated and rotten third 'pillar' of monarchy. The CPN(Maoist) has already made a policy decision to this effect, which is reflected in the recent Anniversary statement issued by Chairman Com. Prachanda.

 

The Question of Democratic Republic

            After the royal regression of February 1, there are seen some important developments in the internal political situation. Whereas earlier the national politics was divided into three streams of monarchy, parliamentary democracy and revolutionary people's democracy, now it is gradually getting polarized into two broad streams of monarchy and democracy. Particularly, the leaders, cadres and supporters of parliamentary democracy have now seen through the anti-democracy maneuvering and divide-and-rule policy of the monarchy in the past and their collective ire against the monarchy has sharpened more than ever before. Though there are sponsored public rallies and statements in favour of the autocratic monarchy on a daily basis, none of the known political parties or their leaders have openly endorsed the royal move so far. While the royal regime has laboured hard to propagate that the harsh autocratic measures are directed only against the 'terrorists' (i.e. Maoist revolutionaries), the people have increasingly realized that they are against all the democratic forces. Similarly, almost all the members of 'civil society', media persons, human rights organizations, professional organizations, etc. have openly come out against the royal coup. This is obviously a good sign for the future of democracy in the country.

            However, it is a matter of serious concern that even after more than a mouth since the coup the democratic forces have not been able to come up with an effective & coordinated plan, programme or mechanism of resistance against the autocratic monarchy. The CPN (Maoist) attempted to provide initial tempo to the resistance movement by organizing a three-day 'Napal Bandh' (shut-down) and a fifteen-day transportation blockade in February, and is planning further mass-mobilization and military-action programmes in coming months. The parliamentary forces did organize some propaganda activities from India and symbolic public rallies within the country, and are planning peaceful mass-arrest programmes for the future. But the desired sharp attacks against the monarchy in a unified manner, firstly, amongst the parliamentary forces and, secondly, between the parliamentary and revolutionary democratic forces, has not materialized so far. Whereas the Nepali Congress has come out more sharply against the monarchy, the so-called 'leftist' UML has made a relatively muted response against the royal coup. This has naturally raised some apprehensions among the masses whether a new 'Rayamajhi' trend (i.e. the capitulation of the then general secretary of the CPN, Keshar Jang Rayamajhi, to the monarchy in the 1960s) is in the offing. However, after so much blood-bath the situation has undergone a sea change since then. Hence, even if a few Rayamajhis from the left camp and a few Tulsi Giris from the Nepali Congress camp may arise, the overwhelming majorities of the leaders & cadres of the political parties and the general masses of the people are likely to fight till the end against the autocratic monarchy. Moreover, with the presence of the revolutionary PLA to take on the monarchist RNA, and the more favourable international situation than ever to fight against the absolute monarchy, a new objective ground is prepared for the democratic political forces to mount a unified assault against the monarchy so as to sweep it away for ever.

            Precisely in this context the question of anti-monarchy common minimum programme and slogan acceptable to all the democratic forces, including the parliamentary and revolutionary democratic forces and the international community, has become pertinent. It has been the considered view of the CPN(Maoist) that the programme of election to a representative Constituent Assembly and institutionalization of the democratic republic is best suited for the purpose. The old slogan of restoration of the parliament or re-activization and amendment of 1990 Constitution, advanced by the parliamentary forces and the international community, has been totally outdated and inadequate in the new context. A brief recapitulation of the incessant struggle between the monarchy and democracy since the 1950s in the country should leave no one in doubt that without the complete abolition of the archaic institution of feudal monarchy and its puppet RNA no form of democracy can be secure and institutional in Nepal. It has been proved time and again that the so-called 'constitutional monarchy' seen in operation in some of the highly developed capitalist countries cannot be replicated in a semi-feudal & semi-colonial society. Hence any attempt on the part of the parliamentary political parties and the international forces to preserve the thoroughly rotten and discredited institution of monarchy, in this or that pretext, does not correspond with the historical necessity and ground reality of balance of forces in the country, and the agenda of 'democratic republic' has entered the Nepalese politics.

            As for as the sincere commitment of the revolutionary democratic forces, who aspire to reach socialism and communism via a new democratic republic, towards a bourgeois democratic republic is concerned, the CPN(Maoist) has time and again clarified its principled position towards the historical necessity of passing through a sub-stage of democratic republic in the specificities of Nepal. Particularly, in "An Executive Summary of the Proposal Put Forward by CPN(Maoist) for the Negotiations" presented during the negotiations in April 2003 [See, Some Important Documents of Communist Party of Nepal(Maoist), 2004] the minimum content and the process of realization of this democratic republic through a Constituent Assembly has been expressed in concrete terms. The fact that the democratic republic is envisaged to be institutionalized through a freely elected Constituent Assembly, should cast away any illusions about the democratic credentials of the revolutionary forces. Further concrete issues like the creation of a new national army after the dissolution of the royal mercenary RNA can be discussed during the process of negotiations.

            The need of the hour is unity of all democratic forces of the country on the common minimum programme of a democratic republic. If anything is lacking so far it is the real democratic vision and will power on the part of the leadership of major political parties. Also, it is the time to win confidence of the masses of the people through a correct projection of the democratic credentials of political parties, and for this the correct practice of inner-party democracy would be a significant component.

            In the end, it may be useful to recollect Engels to understand why a proletarian party needs to uphold the programme of a bourgeois republic in the particular historical specificities of a country like present-day Nepal. Lambasting the Bukuninist anarchists who had opposed the immediate programme of a republic in nineteenth-century Spain, Engels had said:

            "When the Republic was proclaimed in February 1873, the Spanish members of the Alliance [i.e. Bakuninist 'International'] found themselves in a quandary. Spain is such a backward country industrially that there can be no question there of immediate complete emancipation of the working class. Spain will first have to pass through various preliminary stages of development and remove quite a number of obstacles from its path. The Republic offered a chance of going through these stages in the shortest possible time and quickly surmounting the obstacles. But this chance be taken only if the Spanish working class played an active political role." [From "The Bakuninists at Work"]

     March 15, 2005.                                                                                                             

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We salute on behalf of the proletariat and the popular masses, youth and women, militants and revolutionary and anti imperialist forces in our country, the 9th anniversary of the glorious beginning of the people's war in Nepal guided by the CPN(M), that following the Prachanda Path is applying Marxism-Leninism-Maoism to the concrete conditions of Nepal.The beginning of revolutionary war in Nepal, 9 years ago, has drawn, from the Andean to Himalaya, the red thread of retaking the people's war indicated by Mao Tsetung as a universal path valid in each country for overthrowing the imperialist system and for the advent on a world scale of socialism and communism.

 

    The people's war in Nepal has displayed to the world that on the legs of people's wars goes the achievement of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism and in particular of Maoism, and at the same time the achievement of the aggregation point of marxist-leninist-maoist parties and organizations of  the world, that is the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement that has celebrated its 20th anniversary of its foundation.

 

    The people's war in Nepal has shaken to its foundations not only the feudal regime of the Nepalese monarchy submitted to the imperialism, but the whole political and social contest of south Asia, triggering off and feeding the path of people's war in the whole area and the construction and development of Maoist, communist parties.

 

      It's a heavy blow to imperialism that influences the world balance of  forces between revolution and counterrevolution. Here is the striking affirmation that the principal contradiction in the world today is between imperialism and oppressed peoples, and that revolution is the main tendency in the world. And it is not only a blow given to imperialism. But first of all it is a deadly blow to revisionism and opportunism that in different ways and with different arguments support the parliamentarian and peaceful path,which, as always, serves only to accompany and strengthen the power of  imperialism and of the reactionary regimes on proletarians and peoples.

 

     We salute the strategic offensive, opened by the great blockade of Kathmandu of august 2004, that puts on the agenda the conquest of power on a national scale, for the creation of a new democracy, the Nepalese peoples republic, marching towards socialism.The strategic offensive of the people's war moves itself dialectically with the resistance of peoples, in particular in the area that today is the epicentre of world situation, the middle east, from Iraq to Palestine; and all together they demonstrate that it is not the imperialism that is on the offensive but, instead, the proletarians and the peoples. In the very heart of

imperialist countries, imperialism and its lackeys  try to pass over in silence the advancing of the people's war in Nepal, so as they have already done, and continue, with the people's war in Peru and with every and each revolutionary struggle that marches on this path. They know very well that the revolutionary message coming from  the peoples wars guided by Maoists serves and feeds the preparations and the beginning of peoples wars even in the very heart of the imperialist countries, first of all through the ideological and political  nourishment that it gives to the constitution and construction of new Maoist, communist parties for peoples' war. This process finds in the Communist Maoist Party in Italy its banner, and its point of reference and perspective.

 

To celebrate the 9th anniversary of the people's war in Nepal, to support it in all forms, it means first of all and principally to make people's war,      makerevolution in own country, focus attention and affirm the triumphant force of Maoism, uniting in the practice of revolution the two currents of the world proletarian revolution: the proletariat of the imperialist countries and the by imperialism oppressed peoples.

 

Revisionism and opportunism fight against this process, they work to  divide and oppose the peoples wars, to separate authentic Maoist  communist parties in both epicentres of revolution. Revisionism and opportunism, although if they hail solidarity to peoples' war, they does it to  give a coating  of Maoism to a line that negates the creative application in own country.

 

That march forward of the popular masses in Nepal, and within it, the enthusiastic advancing of the Nepalese women, is greeted in our country  with different initiatives of proletarians, women, youth in person, who, there where our party is present, organize enthusiastic and  struggling meetings, embodying the authentic spirit of proletarian internationalism, that is, the unity, the real embrace of proletarians and masses  who are constructing, in the midst of struggles and peoples' war, a world  without imperialism and exploitation, without wars and oppressions, a world of freedom and democracy of masses that embodies in a society that stays in the hands of the proletariat and in the communism.

 

The coup of the hated Nepalese king is only a sign of desperation, the  attempt to invert the march of the history of Nepalese people and to  call and accelerate the direct intervention of Yankee imperialism and Indian hegemonism. A desperate move that will accelerate its defeat. A  call up to arms for the imperialism that throws back to itself because it appeals to mobilization and to support to the peoples' war the  proletarians and the masses of the world.

 

That's what we do now, what we will do always more and to what we call  parties and organizations of each orientation in our country and on a world scale.

 

LONG LIVE PEOPLES' WAR IN NEPAL!

LONG LIVE THE STRATEGIC OFFENSIVE OF PEOPLES' WAR TILL TO FINAL

VICTORY! 

LONG LIVE THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF NEPAL (MAOIST) AND PRACHANDA PATH AS

ITS GUIDE! 

LONG LIVE UNITY BASED ON MAOISM OF COMMUNIST PARTY OF NEPAL (MAOIST)

AND OF COMMUNIST MAOIST PARTY - ITALY! 

LONG LIVE REVOLUTIONARY INTERNATIONALIST MOVEMENT! 

 

LONG LIVE MAOISM, DOWN WITH REVISIONISM!

 

LONG LIVE PROLETARIAN INTERNATIONALISM!

 

 

 

COMMUNIST MAOIST PARTY - ITALY

CENTRAL COMMITTEE

13.2.2005

 

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No to Bush and Everything He Represents!
No Collusion with the Occupation - All Foreign Powers, Out of Iraq Now!
People of the World Unite to Stop the US-led Imperialist Offensive!

     US President George Bush, is visiting Europe in an effort to justify his past crimes and recruit accomplices for the new crimes he is One of the greatest criminals in world history, planning to commit. Since September 11, 2001 under the cover of a so-called "war against terror" Bush has been leading the US and its allies in one of the bloodiest crusades of colonial conquest the world has ever seen. Bush has stated that this worldwide offensive will last "at least a generation". He has declared the US's right to wage "pre-emptive war" against any country in the world which does not bow down to its demands. And together with the leaders of all the world's big powers-including those who have refused up until now to openly join the invasion and occupation of Iraq-they have jointly declared a new world order in which no 3rd world country has any right to national sovereignty whatsoever. So that today, not just US and British, but also thousands of German, French, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and other soldiers are occupying over a dozen countries around the world. The result of this offensive has been untold destruction and death.

         In Afghanistan tens of thousands died as the US together with all the European big powers invaded the country and put drug-dealing warlords and mullahs in power, replacing the reactionary Taliban with a new puppet regime under their direct control. The main difference being that this new regime has Western trained spokespeople who mouth empty phrases about "democracy" to the media in an effort to disguise the true medieval character of their despotic Islamic rule.

       After a decade Iraq of UN sanctions against Iraq killed over 500,000 innocent people-mainly children-the same "lies of mass destruction" that where used to excuse this crime where re-cycled to justify the invasion and occupation that country. This has resulted in the death of over 100,000 additional civilians, not to mention the thousands of Iraqi soldiers, resistance fighters and other soldiers who have died. Now a phoney election, carried out under the conditions of occupation and war has been declared a "victory for democracy" and "proof" of the justness of the US-led invasion and occupation. An election in which for "security reasons" the names of most of the candidates where kept secret and where the destruction of the city of Falluja and the massacre of hundreds or even thousands of its residents and resistance fighters was the single most important "campaign event" is portrayed as a vision for the future.

      This is a "vision of democracy" in which Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo are just the tip of the iceberg of a whole network of secret CIA prisons that have been set up around the world. In this "democratic" gulag prisoners disappear into torture chambers without a trace, many never to be heard from again. As in always the case, aggression abroad must be accompanied by repression at home. The Bush regime has launched an all out assault on the basic rights of the people in the US. It has declared that in this era of "unlimited and unending war" practically all forms of protest and resistance are a "security threat" or even "support for terrorism". The regime in Washington has proclaimed that Emperor Bush has the power to alone declare anyone in the US-or any other person anywhere in the world-to be an "enemy combatant" who is to be locked away with no rights of appeal for as long as Emperor Bush determines, or even killed if capture is not "practical".

      To top it all off, Bush has stated that it is "God's will" that he is President and that there is no higher law than the Bible. He and the other Christian fundamentalists who make up his regime and social base have not only declared it to be their "holy right" to rule over the world, but that is "sinful" for the government to provide basic services like health care, housing, and pensions. These obscurantist Christian mullahs are systematically preparing to institute an openly fascistic theocratic regime in the US. And their leader-mad dog Bush Jr.-is being welcomed with honour and open arms by governments and heads of state throughout Europe who are loudly declaring how they share "common ideals and values" with this reactionary criminal and the whole system of exploitation and oppression that he represents.
Of course on this last point they are completely right. Even while they do not accept the US's vision of a unipolar world and are locked in an increasingly deadly competition with the US for their "fair share" of empire, they do completely agree with Bush that the world's big imperialist powers have the "right" to rule over the vast majority of the world's people as well as their own "subjects" at home. All their talk of a "new chapter of trans-atlantic co-operation" cannot change the fact that they are desparately manuvering and scheming over if, or under what conditions, Iran, Syria, North Korea or some other potential victim should be the next target of attack and/or invasion. At the same time they have all either openly, or on the sly, assisted the US-led offensive around the world and have eagerly copied the Bush regime in limiting and even eliminating the people's political rights at home. In every country in Europe all kinds of protest and resistance have now been criminalized and branded as acts of "terrorism". The EU countries have joined with the US in declaring practically all the movements of resistance and liberation around the world to be terrorist. The most blatant current example being their continuing joint support-including massive military aid-for King Gyanendra of Nepal who just a few weeks ago instituted martial law in that country in an effort to re-establish an absolute monarchy and defeat the revolution there that has already liberated 80% of Nepal's people and territory from the grip of feudal oppression.
While Europe's leaders welcome and even share George Bush's Orwellian world in which invasion is liberation, occupation is freedom, torture is democracy and war is peace-we the people in Europe must unite to deliver a completely different message. Everywhere where George Bush and his hosts dare to show their faces thousands of us must take to the streets determined to fight for a completely different future than the one this system has in store for us and united in saying "No To Bush and Everything He Represents!"

North, South, East and West: Unite the People's Struggles!

POC (Europe)
World People's Resistance Movement
Email: wprm@wprm.org Local contact:
WWW.WPRM.ORG

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AGAINST IMPERIALISM, FEUDALISM, FACSISM, COMPRADOR-CAPITALISM AND ALL REACTIONIONARIES 

 On the 1^st February, king Gynendra, the fascist ruler heading the reactionary-monarchy in Nepal, staged a coup, dismissing his cabinet. The parliament was suspended and the country has been put under Marshall Law. Gynendra was installed to the throne in 2001, following a palace coup engineered by US imperialism and the expansionist regime in power in India.

 

Clearly, the intensification of the crisis of the reactionary ruling classes in Nepal is the direct result of the advances of the People’s War that was initiated on Feb 13, 1996, and is being  waged under the leadership of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) - (CPN(M). Currently the People’s War entering its tenth year has reached the stage of strategic offense and the liberated areas cover almost 77% of the country a vast region that is governed by the people of Nepal led by CPN(M).

 

Information from Nepal indicates that, Marshall Law has been declared across the country and the military forces directly controlled by Gynendra, have been positioned in every corner. It has been announced that it is forbidden to go outside on the street, all the telecommunication connections have been turned off, the airport has been closed, and political leaders from different political parties are under house arrest.

 

Since 1990, there has been a “constitutional monarchy” in power in Nepal and but the unbridled repression and fascist attacks against the people continues, aiming to silence the aspirations of the people for democracy and their demands for justice and welfare. The reactionaries hope to wipe out people’s revolution that is led by the Maoists. But the answer of the Marxist-Leninist-Maoist forces will be given by intensifying the People’s war against the counter-revolutionary violence and barbarism.

 

In this regard, we as Partizan have a deep trust in the NCP(M) and the heroic people of Nepal that notwithstanding the repression and the violence of the reactionary regime the revolution will continue to advance, uniting the people of Nepal against all imperialist powers and reactionaries.

 

We support the demands of the people of Nepal for an end to the Marshall Law, to make the king answerable for the coup, to restore the communications, for freedom of press and re-opening of the airport, to stop all military operations and an end to all imprisoning of political leaders and activists.

 

We salute the heroic people of Nepal with our international emotions.

      -     Down with Fascist Monarchy in Nepal!

-         Long live People’s War!

-         Long live Proletarian Internationalism! 

             February 3, 2005

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Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)

Central Committee 

 Press Release 

            A brutal stupidity of plunging the country and the people in to darkness and terrorism is being exhibited by fratricidal artificial king Gyanendra Shahi, as the final writhing of the feudal autocracy. There is no alternative before the great Nepalese people who are fighting for Democratic Republic of Nepal by standing on the achievements of the historical movement of 1990, except to overthrow the feudal autocracy through its root. On this crucial turning point of decisive battle between autocracy and republic, it is a historical necessity for the all the pro-people political forces, civil society, intellectual community and all the level and sphere of people to advance united on this direction. With full responsibility and keeping to this historic necessity, our party has already called for the united front against the feudal autocracy. In order to make the broad united front effective, our Party appeals through this statement to the entire parliamentarian Parties to form united fronts both in the central and local level and advance the movement ahead. Our party heartily appeals to all those pro-people's forces through this statement, to come forward to forge the united front both in the local and central level, as wherever and whatever becomes possible. Committed to the kin interest of the country and people, our Party humbly appeals to all pro-people forces, to come forward by all means by forging united front above and button wherever and whatever is possible, by casting away their mutual misunderstandings, to create storms of movement against autocracy. We would also like to clarify to all those concerned that we are utterly ready for necessary sacrifice and flexibility from our side for this purpose.            

We heartily thank to all the masses of  people for supporting to making the three days countrywide general strike (Nepal Bandha) from 2^nd-4^th February successful, called by our Party as an initial remarks against the retrogressive coup by Gyanendra. By condemning the Nazi style repression of the Royal Army terrorist over students in Pokhara through imposing autocracy over communication and independent publications, our party strongly appeals to all students, teachers, professors and guardians to come out to a powerful resistance.  It is historical necessity to perceive that a strong resistance is the only foundation of people's protection.            

In this very context, our Party challenges to Gyanendra Shahi to withdraw his retrogressive steps immediately. If he fails to withdraw his autocratic steps, our Party will be compelled to come out for countrywide blockade and traffic strike for uncertain time, from the historic day of the 10^th anniversary of  Great People's War, 13 February. Our party heartily appeals to all the political forces, civil society, intellectual community, journalists and all the level and sections of people to store daily most necessary consumption stuffs and support our movement by all the to make it successful. 21^st century will be the people's century and it is sure that feudal autocracy will be defeated.  

4^th February 2005

 

Prachanda

Chairman

      Central Committee

Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)

 

---

 

 

An invitation letter to attend a massive rally and mass meeting tothe solidarity to peoples'war in Nepal

 

Nepali Janadhikar Suraksha Samiti, Bharat

Central Committee

                                                                                                                New Delhi  

                                                                                                                   Feb 1,2005 

To,                

                ----------------------------

                ----------------------------

                --------------------------- 

Unite to Throw Out the Monarchy into the Dustbin of History Forever !

Move Earth & Heaven for a Democratic Republic of Nepal !!

Dear Sir,

Feb 1, 2005 will go down into the annals of Nepal’s history as another darkest day when the tyrant and autocratic King Gyanendra, the most hated one by the majority of Nepali people as well as the democratic, secular and progressive forces all over the  world, committed yet another crime against the democracy in Nepal through a palace coup.  As you are aware that the monarchy in Nepal acting against the will of Nepali people is ruthlessly   trampling on the democratic rights of Nepali people one after another  & seeking to establish medieval rule,  in an foolish attempt to move the wheel of history backward while Nepali people are carrying out resolute  struggle for a democratic republican rule. The monarchy based on so-called Hindu religion and feudalism, has lost the support and confidence of overwhelming majority of Nepali people, including women, dalits, and janjatis. The military, political and economic support provided by the U.S. and Indian government is the single most cause for the survival of  dictatorial monarchy in Nepal, despite losing support of 25 million people of Nepal. The present palace coup and military rule  is nothing but the outcome of  consistent military and political support given by the U.S. as well as Indian government to the Royal Nepal Army headed by military dictator  king Gyanendra. It is strange that the U.S., which claims itself the champion of civil rights and democracy, has given wholehearted support to the undemocratic regimes worldwide. For realizing its political military and economic goals the U.S. has no objection even to embrace the tyrant rulers and dictators like military dictator Pervez Musarraf and feudal monarch Gyanendra. In order to protect the feudal and dictatorial regime in Nepal, arms and ammunitions and financial aid to the tune of millions of dollars is being poured by the U.S., on pretext of suppressing Maoist rebellion, which has resulted in mass killings of people and democracy itself. As far as the monarchy is concerned, the Indian government is playing the same role as of their master i.e. the U.S. by fully endorsing the rule of King and supporting him politically and militarily. 

 

Friends, at  this point of time  Nepal stands at the crossroad between the autocratic, mediaval and feudal military regime whose hands are soaked with the blood of thousands of Nepali people on one side and democratic republic on the other. Nepali people need support and solidarity of all genuine democratic, secular and progressive forces in India to attain the goal of democratic republic in  Nepal so as to get rid of  feudal military rule propped up by imperialist forces forever.

 

A massive rally & mass meeting will be held on February 13, 2004 at Chandigarh in support of democratic movement in Nepal and in protest  against royal takeover You are requested to participate in the rally and mass meeting in large number to express solidarity to the democratic movement of Nepali people.

With regards,

                                                                      Yours truly

                                                            (Laxman Pant )

                                                                  President

                                                           Central Committee

       #487 /20 School Rd., Peeragarhi, Delhi-85  #  janadhikar@sify.com    #9811200291                       

                                             

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Statement of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) issued on 1 February 2005 in response to the King's dismissal of 

government

Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)

Central committee

 

Press Release

The coterie of fratricidal, genocidal, corrupted and National betrayer Gyanendra Shahi, who staged an infamous Narayanahi Massacre under a deliberate design of imposing medieval feudal autocracy against the great Nepalese people of the twenty first century advancing for full democracy i.e. republican system, has finally exposed its ugly face before the masses. Gyanendra Shahi, through his so-called royal proclamation at 10 O’clock this morning, is not only meagerly exercising to slander the entire parliamentarian political parties and civil society, but also is exhibiting feudal fascist brutality of blood-bathe against the country and the masses. To talk of nationalism, democracy, patriotism and sovereignty by the one, who is most infamous feudal clique in corruption, smuggling, killings and terror, cannot be anything other than a surprising show against Nepal and the Nepalese people.

The great Nepalese people will never bow down before the threat of history’s ‘ghosts’ that dream of feudal autocracy in the support of foreign imperialism and expansionism. Replying by tit for tat, the day of building People’s New Nepal by throwing the feudal autocracy, responsible for the grievous situation of the country and people, into the garbage of history, has already come. It is beyond a doubt that the Nepalese masses that have shown their identity through the mass struggle of 1990 and 9 years’ of people’s war are capable to fulfill their historic task of establishing republic. Our party, as a leadership of the great People’s War waged for a radical transformation of the Nepalese people, utterly denounces the so-called proclamation of Gyanendra Shahi. Our party pledges to fight till last for the emancipation of the country and people and complete overthrow of feudal autocracy. Our party forcefully appeals the entire political parties of the country, intellectual masses, civil society and the masses of different levels and sects to create a storm of countrywide rebellion unitedly under a minimum common slogan of people’s democratic republic and constituent assembly against this last lunacy of the feudal clique that has lost its necessity and credibility in the history. We also would like to clarify, in this juncture, the fact that our party is prepared to go ahead by establishing co-work and a broad front with all that are against feudal autocracy.

The flame of the People’s War will go on blazing till the so-called Royal Army that has been defeated in all the fronts with the great People’s Liberation Army, under the leadership of our Party, is dissolved and the arms are surrendered to the People’s Liberation Army. We especially appeal the entire jawans and officers working under the so-called Royal Army to defy the so-called royal proclamation, which has come in the gesture of foreign reaction against the country and people, revolt from there and implicate unitedly with the People’s Liberation Army in the great task of protecting own parents, brothers and sisters. Not the feudal clique of Gyanendra Shahi but the great Nepalese people will safeguard Nepalese independence and sovereignty, and geographical integrity.

As an immediate opposition to today’s so-called royal proclamation, which is trying to push the Nepalese society of 21^st century back to the 15^th, our party heartily appeals all the political forces and broad masses to shutdown Nepal from February 2, tomorrow, to 4. We also would like to clarify from this statement that by discussing with pro-people forces in the days to come the resistance will be heightened more strongly. Also, we heartily call upon the entire pro-people forces of the world to raise voice against this autocratic step and in the favor of Nepalese people’s democratic movement.

Feb 1, 2005 

Prachanda

Chairman

Central Committee

C. P. N. (Maoist)

 

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Mobilise in Solidarity with Nepalese People’s Great Struggle !

Make the Rally of 13^th Feb 2005 a Grand Success !!

Dear Friends,

We are celebrating 10^th anniversary of great people’s revolution in Nepal. In this day, i.e. 13^th February before nine years, the Nepalese people stood up against 236 years old feudal and autocratic monarchy with a great vision to free Nepal from all kinds of feudal and imperialists’ shackles of oppression, plunder and humiliations. Thousands of best daughters and sons of mother Nepal has laid down their precious lives and attained martyrdom in this great process of transformation of Nepal into a true democratic and republican state. We extend our warm salute to the great martyrs of Nepalese freedom struggle on this occasion.

            The overwhelming majority of Nepalese people are actively involved in this revolutionary struggle because they see in it their own liberation. Today the entire countryside in Nepal is emerging as a new world where the oppression of man by man,  and have-nots by haves are the things of past.   Caste, religious, gender and regional domination and  discrimination no longer exists. This new society of Nepal  is a beckon light for the oppressed people all over the world.

            It is well known that no movement or revolution in the world, be it national liberation movement or new democratic revolution, cannot succeed without confrontation with the U.S. imperialism, the most despicable enemy of world people. It is equally noteworthy that in South Asia, the Indian expansionism is the biggest bully and roadblock not only for the new democratic revolution in Nepal, but also for the revolutionary as well as movements of various nationalities in India, Sri Lanka, Bhutan etc. Annexation of Sikkim in 1975, Indianisation of Bhutan and sending Indian ‘Peace’ Keeping Forces to Sri Lanka are a few examples how the Indian expansionism  is serving the interests of Indian big capitalists  and landlords.

The international reactionary forces, particularly the U.S. imperialism is fiercely opposing the revolutionary struggle in Nepal, waged under the leadership of Communist Party of Nepal( Maoist)- a just and genuine struggle aimed at establishing a republican  state. Indian  government, which claims itself a largest republic and democratic country of the world is sparing  no chance to equip king’s mercenary Royal Nepal Army in the name of opposing terrorism, which has resulted in the escalation of  conflicts- civil war  and large scale  killings of unarmed people. It is not only the people, but the democracy itself has become the victim of RNA bullets. It is the indelible lesson of history that no ruler, howsoever powerful, have survived on external military support. The Czar of Russia, Chiang Kai Shek of China, Pinochet of Chile and Marcos of The Philippines, among others, are a few standing testimony to this historical lesson. THE PEOPLE ARE THE REAL CREATORS OF HISTORY.

In this great struggle against medieval feudal monarchy propped up by the U.S imperialism and Indian expansionism Nepalese people are not alone. Hundreds of thousands of revolutionaries, democratic and secular minded people, parties and organizations and individuals all over the world  are in solidarity with the people. This is so because people world over have convincingly understood that the OPPRESSORS CANNOT  BE LIBERATORS.

This is so because the people of the world have learnt this bitter lesson of history that perpetrator of this oppression based system cannot save the lives of people, they only know how to kill the people. The  science and technology developed by mankind is not utilized in this ‘system’ to save the lives, rather it is used in how to kill the people better. The  technology in their hand  is  not used to predict tsunami like catastrophe, it is used and diverted to numerous deadly as well as nonsense researches and inventions !

We call upon all the revolutionary, democratic, secular, justice and peace and freedom  loving people of India and Nepal to strongly oppose the U.S.- the common enemy of the world people and Indian government’s intervention into the internal affair of Nepal. We also call upon all the people to build up solidarity with the heroic struggle of Nepalese people against monarchy whose hands are soaked with the blood of thousands of  people. Finally, we call upon all the friends of Nepal in India and Nepalese people in India to join the massive rally on Feb 13, 2005 in New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and Chandigarh.

New Delhi                                                      

Jan 6, 2005                                                                   

Convenor

             13^th February Demonstration Organising Committee
                         &
             President
             Central Committee
             Nepali Janadhikar Suraksha Samiti- Bharat

487/20, School Road, Peeragarhi, Delhi- 85, cell: 9811200291 email:janadhikar@sify.com

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Communist Party of India (Maoist)

Central Committee (Provisional)

Press Release:

 Date: 04-12-04

Resist and defeat all the evil designs by the Indian Govt. against the liberation struggle of the Nepal people under the leadership of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)

The congress-led UPA Govt. at the centre has promised all help to Gyanendra, the king of Nepal. Only a few days back the Union Home Minister has declared that India will render all assistance to Royal Nepal Army like supplying all types of military equipment, training RNA personnel and sealing the border. It’s not difficult to understand the essence of this statement. The Indian ruling classes are going to wage an undeclared and deceitful war against the Nepali people and the people's Liberation army under the leadership of CPN (Maoist).

Actually, the BJP-led NDA Govt. itself wanted to get directly involved into the affairs of Nepal. But the US Govt., after capturing Iraq, wanted to deal directly with the affairs in Nepal. They sent many military advisers to the RNA camps. They were supervising RNA campaigns against the PLA. The erstwhile NDA Govt. tried its best to intervene a number of times to interfere into the national liberation struggle led by LTTE in Sri Lanka. It may be recalled that the Rajiv Gandhi regime sent so-called peace keeping force in Sri Lanka in 1987 under agreement with Sri Lanka Govt. Before that Indira Gandhi regime dismembered Pakistan in 1971 in name of liberating Bangladesh and wanted to install a puppet govt. there. Latter it annexed Sikim. Only a few months back the India govt. conducted a campaign inside Bhutan with the aim of crushing the liberation struggle in Assam under the leadership of ULFA. For the last one month it has been conducting a campaign near and within Myanmar border in collaboration with Myanmar govt. to crush PLA of Manipur. All these show how the Indian govt. plays the role of a bully to serve the interests of imperialism and its own class interest in the Indian sub continent.

For the last few years the Nepali people are waging struggle against the monarchy under the leadership of Maoists with the aim of establishing a new democratic society. Imperialists and all the reactionary are fiercely opposing their revolutionary struggle of Nepal. The CPM, one of the main props of UPA govt. at the centre may show an apparent opposition to this decision at the all India level. But in West Bengal, where they are in power, they are not sparing any chance to play their role in crushing the revolution in Nepal in the name of opposing 'terrorism'. They have arrested many leaders and activists of CPN (M) including comrade Mohan Baidya, one of the topmost leaders in Bengal.

Our CC (P) will mobilize the Indian people in solidarity to the great revolutionary struggle of the Nepal people against the unjust deeds of the Indian government. We are confident that if the Indian Govt. dares to send its mercenary army for suppressing the revolution in Nepal it will have to incur the same shameful defeat as it had in Sri Lanka in the 1989. The CC (P) calls upon all the revolutionary and democratic people of the Indian subcontinent to rise in united struggle against the expansionist Indian ruling classes and their mercenary army.

The CC (P) calls upon all the revolutionary, democratic, justice and peace-loving people of India to forcefully oppose Indian Government's interference into the internal affairs of Nepal.

The CC (P) calls upon the Jawans of the Indian army, who hail from the toiling classes, not to involve themselves in killing their class brethren by participating in the unjust military campaign of the Indian Government.

We call upon the people of South Asia, as well as the entire world population to rise against and resist the India Govt.’s interference into the internal affairs of Nepal for protecting the medieval rule of king Gyanendra, whose hands are soaked with the blood of thousands of Nepali people.

 

 

With Greetings

Ganapati

General Secretary

Central Committee (Provisional)

CPI (Maoist)

ON MAOISM*

 

            Marxism was distilled as the science of revolution of international proletariat during the course of historical experience and development of class struggle. It is well known to all that Marxist science founded by Karl Marx through an intermittent struggle and show of a great genius has three component parts, including philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism. Being a science, continuous development of Marxism is a natural process. In the light of new experiences and problems of class struggle, Lenin raised Marxism in its totality to its second stage of development i.e. Leninism. Today this science has in the very process of struggle entered into a third, new and higher stage of development. This third, new and higher stage is the stage of Maoism developed by Mao Tse-tung. Thus, in the hands of international proletariat today there is Marxism-Leninism-Maoism as a total and integral entity of universal theory. Without grasping Maoism as the Marxism-Leninism of present day world nobody can be a true communist. Because of its being the Marxism-Leninism of the present day world, reactionaries and revisionists the world over have been attacking Maoism and Maoists viciously. Just as Marxism-Leninism was established in the process of struggle by the communist revolutionaries against all sorts of reaction, revisionism and opportunism, so will Maoism be established from the midst of vicious struggles.

            In our movement, despite the spirit of grasping Mao's contributions as Marxism-Leninism these contributions have been expressed by the terminology 'Mao Tse-tung Thought'. We have been fighting against reaction and revisionism by accepting Mao's contributions as the universal theory of the proletariat and declaring "Mao Tse-tung Thought is the Marxism-Leninism of the present day world." However, with the domination of Right revisionism in the international communist movement after the death of Com. Mao and restoration of capitalism in China, the situation has undergone a change. Today, the revisionist Deng clique has been killing the spirit of Mao's revolutionary teaching by using the terminology of 'Mao Tse-tung Thought'. Presently, the terminology of 'Mao Tse-tung Thought' has been used, on the one hand, by the reformists in the sense of a hypothesis according to the actual weightage of the word 'thought' and on the other, by the communist revolutionaries in the sense of a universal principle. In this context, to continue with the usage of misleading terminology "thought" despite having the scientific terminology of "ism" with the weightage of expressing a universal principle is nothing but to provide loophole for Right revisionism. Hence it is essential for communist revolutionaries who have already been grasping Mao Tse-tung Thought as today's Marxism-Leninism to use the terminology 'Maoism' readily and firmly. In the light of rightist attacks on Mao's contributions after the counter revolution in China many of the former revolutionaries, too, have been terrorized into attempting to use the terminology 'thought' in the sense of downgrading Mao's contributions, and not accepting it as the third stage of development of Marxism and as a universal principle. Here lies the crux of the problem. Such tendencies ultimately lead to the direction of reformism and revisionism. Because of this situation, theoretical importance of the interpretation of development of the three components of Marxism by Mao and the usage of the terminology 'Maoism' has increased all the more. Therefore, it is essential here to explain briefly the important contributions made by Mao in the field of philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism, which have raised Marxism to a new stage.

 

 

A. The Field of Philosophy

1. Mao has established the law of contradiction as the essence of dialectical materialism and as the fundamental law of dialectics in all the fields of nature, society and human knowledge. The analysis of universality of contradiction and the process and importance of determining principal contradiction has raised to new heights the development of understanding of dialectics. The important role-played by fundamental law of contradiction in formulating the strategy and tactics of revolution is self-evident.

2. It is indisputable that in the field of theory of knowledge Mao's analysis has made important contributions by identifying class struggle, struggle for production and scientific experiment as the source of knowledge and through his analysis of the process of transformation of perceptual knowledge into rational knowledge and the interrelations of theory and practice.

3. Profound analysis and application of the question of one dividing into two as the principal aspect of dialectics during the anti-revisionist struggle, has made available in the hands of the revolutionaries a sharp weapon to fight against revisionism.

4. The analysis of consciousness and superstructure playing decisive role in certain concrete situations, while attacking the bourgeois thinking of the revisionists about the "theory of the productive forces" and "economism" with a metaphysical and one-sided approach on the question of interrelations of base and superstructure, has exposed the pseudo-bourgeoisie.

5. The experimentations of Mao on the need and process of turning philosophy into an invincible weapon by moving it out of the library and reading rooms of the philosophers, have provided the basis for turning dialectical materialist philosophy into a mighty physical force.

 

B. The Field of Political Economy

1. In this field the analysis of the nature of bureaucratic capitalism is an important discovery of Mao. The exposition of the characteristics of bureaucratic capitalism in the oppressed nations as an agent of monopoly capitalism to plunder the people in alliance with feudalism, has helped, on the one hand, to expose the inhuman character of imperialism in the form of neo-colonialism and, on the other, to clarify the target of revolution in the oppressed nations. The historical significance of the conclusion that only through the destruction of bureaucratic capitalism and confiscation of such properties can imperialism be driven away from the oppressed nations and the foundation of socialism be laid, is quite clear.

2. Mao has played important role in laying a firm foundation of the basic principles of economy in the socialist stage (with a critical study of the experiences of the Soviet Union). The revolutionary significance of the slogans "Grasp Revolution, Promote Production" and "Red and Expert" put forward with the view that not by bureaucratic command but by increasing the initiative of the masses (through massive propagation of correct economic policy) can the socialist economy be developed firmly, is quite evident.

3. In the context of New Democratic revolution, the rationality of such economic policies as to destroy feudalism on the basis of land to the tiller, to confiscate all foreign and domestic economic establishments with a monopolistic character and to limit, control and guide private capital that do not control public life, have been proved in practice. From the above facts the developments made by Mao in the field of political economy is quite clear.

 

C. The Field of Scientific Socialism

1. Mao's historical contribution in the development of the total concept of New Democratic revolution in the oppressed nations is clear to all.

2. The international proletariat has been armed with a powerful weapon with the development of the theory of People’s War as the pinnacle of the Marxist military science on the basis of the experiences of class struggle in the era of imperialism. This theory has clarified the scientific method of defeating a powerful enemy. The significance of Mao's crisp saying, "Power grows out of the barrel of a gun" is self-evident.

3. The theory of continued class struggle during the entire period of socialism and from this the theory of continuing revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat as developed by Mao keeping in mind the counter-revolution in Soviet Union, has been a mighty theoretical weapon to prevent restoration of capitalism in the socialist period. The successful implementation of the total plan of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China as the third great revolution carried out under the leadership of the proletariat, has been the historic beacon for the world proletariat.

4. Such sayings (of Mao) as "Imperialism and all reactionaries are paper tigers" and "In the coming 50 to 100 years, the world will pass through great upheavals" have unique significance. This has made great contribution in formulating the strategy of revolution for the world proletariat. Mao himself has used these in the struggle against Russian revisionism and American imperialism.

            Thus, in the totality of the three components of philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism Mao has raised the Marxist science qualitatively to a new stage, in this situation the proletariat has acquired the theory of its liberation in the form of a single weapon of Marxism-Leninism-Maoism.

            In the Nepalese communist movement, arguments against the usage of the terminology 'Maoism' have been forwarded even from the direction of undermining Mao's contributions. Without refuting them it is not possible to move ahead. Primarily they are as follows:

1. "Theory of the era": Some people say, to constitute an "ism" it should represent a whole era. According to them, Marxism is the product of the era of capitalism. Leninism is the product of the era of imperialism. But Mao has no era, and hence there cannot be any Maoism, etc.

            The people who argue this way have neither understood the simple law and development process of science, nor grasped Marxism as a science. To attempt to confine the development of science to the speed of development of an era is absolutely unscientific and ridiculous. In a single era science can develop into many stages. If one really talks of an era, from the point of view of development of society imperialism, too, is not any new era but only the highest and moribund state of capitalism. Therefore it is not proper to say 'Leninism'. Bankruptcy of those advancing the argument of an era is thus, clear.

2. Some people say, since Mao has no original contributions it is not appropriate to use the terminology 'Maoism'. According to them, whatever Mao has said was already told by Lenin. The situation gets all the more serious when the people supporting the usage of the terminology 'thought' argue that way. It is no doubt that the people who argue this way have taken the road to abandoning even 'Mao Tse-tung Thought' and towards rightist opportunism. Mao's contributions have already been discussed briefly. However, the question may arise if one argues this way, why not say even Lenin had interpreted Marxism in a new context ? Why have such people then accepted Mao Tse-tung Thought as their guiding principles ? The answer is simple only to mislead the people. If not so, either they have to reject Mao Tse-tung Thought as the guiding principle of the party or should stop the act of undermining Mao's contributions.

3. Some people are found to argue, we should not call Maoism in haste; nobody will hear our words in such a big issue and ever that terminology cannot be established also this will merely flare up unnecessary dispute. Even if there may be honesty in the intention of many of the people who argue this way, the arguments themselves donot conform to the Marxist method. The question here is of right or wrong and no of haste or no haste. Such arguments are wrong because they will ultimately lead to unnecessary compromise and merely work towards perpetuating illusion.

     In conclusion, to conduct anti-revision is struggle at a higher level, to accelerate the process of development of a new type of and a militant Communist Party, to provide new pace to the work of development of revolutionary struggle and People’s War the usage of not the misleading terminology 'Mao Tse-tung Thought' but the scientific terminology 'Maoism' is absolutely essential.

¶¶¶

 

 *Resolution adopted by the National Unity Congress of C.P.N. (Unity Centre). December 1991

Communists--"People who don't deserve to breath"

It should be added in Oxford Dictionary.

These maoists have their inherent problems and this is they can not express their ideas in simple words which is easily understood by common masses. Sometimes, U want to read simple vision of party expressed in simple language, but they write so much with their complicated language and make sense of very few things.

Their manifesto this time also, filled with words of communist ideology rather than vision. I do not know, after reading it how many common people of villages can make sense of it.

all their ideology and vision deserves nothing but.........................down the garbage. I doubt the thread opener knows what he is posting or that he hasnot even read a single line from it. If you have read can you pls summarise in a short paragraph what all that crap means. 

its too long!